How to Become an Accountant Today

Accounting remains one of the most reliable and rewarding career paths, but the steps to enter the profession are evolving. Between state-specific CPA licensure changes, rising education requirements, and the growing demand for technology skills, many aspiring accountants wonder what the journey looks like today. How long does it take to become an accountant? Do you really need a CPA to succeed? And what alternative credentials or pathways exist?  

This blog breaks down everything you need to know to start—or advance—your career in accounting.  

How Long Does It Take to Become an Accountant? 

The timeline to become an accountant depends on the educational and career path you choose, but for most people it starts with earning a bachelor’s degree in accounting, finance, or business—a process that typically takes about four years of full-time study. During this time, students complete core coursework in areas such as financial accounting, auditing, taxation, and business law, along with developing increasingly in-demand skills in data analysis and technology. 

For those planning to become a Certified Public Accountant (CPA), the journey can take longer. Most states require 150 credit hours of college coursework for CPA licensure, which is 30 more hours than a traditional bachelor’s degree provides. To meet this requirement, many aspiring accountants pursue a master’s in accounting, an MBA with an accounting focus, or additional post-graduate courses, which can add one to two years to the process. However, a growing number of states are offering alternative pathways to become a CPA. (Keep reading for more details on this.) 

Alternatively, if you do not plan to sit for the CPA exam, you may be able to enter the workforce immediately after earning your undergraduate degree. Some entry-level roles in corporate accounting, government, or nonprofit organizations do not require a CPA license and allow you to start gaining experience right away.  

Read also, “What New Accounting Grads Really Want in a Job.” 

How To Get a CPA License 

For many accountants, earning the Certified Public Accountant (CPA) license is the next big step after completing a degree. Becoming a CPA involves three main components: education, examination, and experience. 

First, you’ll need to meet your state’s education requirements. As mentioned previously, most states follow the “150-hour rule,” which means completing 150 college credit hours before you can sit for the CPA exam.  

Next comes the CPA Exam, a rigorous four-part test covering auditing, financial accounting, regulation, and business concepts. Passing all four sections is a major milestone and often requires months of focused preparation. 

Finally, candidates must fulfill an experience requirement, typically one to two years of supervised work under a licensed CPA. Some states also include an ethics exam to reinforce professional standards. 

While the process can be demanding, the CPA credential is highly respected and opens the door to roles in public accounting, auditing, and consulting. For those committed to advancing their careers, the CPA remains a gold standard in the profession. 

Can I Become an Accountant Without a CPA License? 

Yes—you can absolutely become an accountant without earning a CPA license. In fact, many professionals build long and successful careers in accounting without ever taking the CPA exam. The CPA license is critical for those who want to work in public accounting, auditing, or roles that require signing off on financial statements. But outside of those areas, there are plenty of accounting opportunities that don’t require the credential. 

For example, many corporate accountants, management accountants, financial analysts, and professionals in government or nonprofit organizations perform essential accounting work without a CPA. These positions often focus on internal financial reporting, budgeting, or compliance rather than external audits, and employers may value practical experience or specialized skills just as much as licensure. 

That said, while a CPA isn’t required for every role, it makes you more competitive in the job market. In most cases, having a CPA license offers higher earning potential, greater advancement opportunities, and added professional credibility. Ultimately, whether or not you pursue the CPA depends on your career goals—if you want to specialize in public accounting or advisory work, it’s essential. If your path is elsewhere, it may be optional. 

Alternative CPA Pathway & New Skills Needed for Accounting 

For professionals eager to start their career in accounting, there are other pathways to get started. For accountants who are not interested in seeking a CPA license, many pursue alternative certifications that align more closely with their career interests. For example, the CMA (Certified Management Accountant) focuses on management accounting and strategic financial planning, while the CIA (Certified Internal Auditor) is tailored to audit and risk management roles. Other designations, like the CFE (Certified Fraud Examiner), appeal to professionals specializing in fraud prevention and investigation. 

In addition, several states are exploring alternative pathways to CPA licensure in response to talent shortages. These initiatives may allow candidates to substitute supervised work experience or apprenticeships for some credit-hour requirements, offering more flexibility than the traditional education model. 

Regardless of the credential path you choose, one thing is clear: today’s accountants need more than just technical knowledge. Employers are increasingly looking for professionals with strong technology skills, including data analytics, familiarity with ERP systems, and automation tools. Soft skills like communication, critical thinking, and adaptability are also in high demand. 

By pursuing specialized certifications and expanding your skill set, you can position yourself as a versatile, future-ready accountant—even if you don’t take the traditional CPA route. 

Conclusion 

Becoming an accountant today takes more than just a degree—it requires aligning your education, certifications, and skills with the path you want to pursue. For some, earning a CPA license is the clear next step; for others, alternative credentials and technology-focused skills may provide the best return on investment. While the journey can vary, one thing is consistent: accounting is a stable profession built on continuous learning and adaptation. By understanding the different pathways available, you can chart a course that fits your goals and positions you for long-term success. 

Written By: Lindsay Rose